A Memorial Day Interview with Grandpa

Remembering my Grandpa today as a WWII veteran who served as a bombardier, flying numerous missions over Italy and Tinian in the Marianas.  While Grandpa often encouraged us to watch the History Channel to learn about WWII, he almost never spoke personally of the five years he spent fighting the war.  The attached transcript is an interview my sister Ruth conducted with him as a project for school, and it represents the only words I have ever seen or heard from him on the subject.  I can still hear his stern voice asking me to remove my hat during the National Anthem at my little league games.  It is always a struggle to choke back tears whenever I hear it now, and I'll admit that I've been less successful fighting them back while writing this post.

I wish I could have had the capacity as a child to understand a fraction of what you endured (I know that I still can't fathom it even now), so I could've said, "thank you."  I'll offer it now in your absence, though it seems like vain echoes through empty halls.  I only hope that you're there, somewhere in the quietness and the shadows, able to finally hear it.

Thank you, Grandpa.

James Leroy Kennedy.

RUTH: Where did you serve in WWII?

JIM KENNEDY: Well, I was in the fifteenth air force in Italy, and I was there from January of 1944 until October of that year. Then I came back and went in the B-29 airplane; then I went to Tinian in the Marianas. I got there in May or June of 1945-- right after the war in Europe ended. I was only there a short time because the war ended there with the dropping of the atom bomb.

RUTH: What was your prewar training?

JIM KENNEDY: I was a bombardier on heavy bombers, in B-24's in Italy and B-29's in the Marianas and Tinian.

RUTH: Were you involved in active combat?

JIM KENNEDY: Oh yes, very much so. We had fierce combat-- not so much when I got to the Marianas, there was some, but the combat in Italy was pretty fierce ... yeah, pretty fierce. We lost our share of people and airplanes over there, even at that late date.

RUTH: Were you wounded?

JIM KENNEDY: No, unless you want to count being scared half to death (laughing). No, I didn't.

RUTH: What about people around you?

JIM KENNEDY: Not in my crew, though we lost lots of airplanes. One of my good friends in an airplane right next to us got the front half of his foot shot off.  We had our share of casualties. But my crew, we lucked out.

RUTH: How old were you at the Time?

JIM KENNEDY: Well, let's see ... I was only sixteen years old when I joined the Illinois National Guard. In 1944, I was twenty-two when I entered the war. I was born in '22.

RUTH: How did your attitude change as a result of the war?

JIM KENNEDY: It has to have some effect, like today I get furious when I see people starting wars. And I say, ''Don't you realize how terrible they are?" The worse thing about- well, I just can't say enough about how terrible wars are to the people who have to fight them, not to the people who start them. No, they suffer nothing. Hitler and Mussolini and all the rest of them-- they lived a nice, big, fat life. But there's an intellect right at the beginning of the war in Europe. It started with Germany taking over Poland. Even the combat airmen-- they had no argument with these people. But they would see these poor refugees escaping from these towns that had been bombed, and they would go down with their fighter planes and strafe these people and kill them. Nobody who's never been there realizes how horrible war is and that it should be avoided all costs. We don't need it.

RUTH: What type of weapons did you use in your units?

JIM KENNEDY: Mine was a bomb sight that I dropped bombs from, and we had fifty caliber machine guns on the plane. Towards the end we had some 20 mm cannons, but mostly fifty caliber machine guns.

RUTH: How did you feel when you learned about defeats and victories?

JIM KENNEDY: Well, not all that elated; just, "Thank heavens it's over" because it was hard. There was a sadness there because it should never have been. What do you celebrate? What about the poor people who couldn't celebrate? They're long dead. So it was a mixed bag. Sure we were glad to get out of it and get back to our home life. I'd been in the army almost five years by then, and certainly I was happy to get out of it. There was a still sadness there-- I had good friends there that I went to high school with who were brought back later on. So there was not that much elation, no.

RUTH: How did you adapt to life after the war?

JIM KENNEDY: There was not really much... I suppose maybe we celebrated a little too much. But it was a few years before we got over the shortages. A lot of people wanted to get married and buy cars; there were no cars for sale. General Motors, Ford, and Chevy hadn't gotten back into building cars yet. They were still at a war time economy. So it was sort of a mixed bag when we first got back. Everybody said, ''Well jeepers!" (laughs)  It took a little doing to get used to the peacetime. It wasn't that simple.

RUTH: Did you have any immediate family that you left behind-- you weren't married, right?

JIM KENNEDY: Oh no. I got married shortly after I got out. To your Grandma in December of 1945, right after I got out of the service. I had a brother that was in the Marine corps. That was my only other immediate family

RUTH: Is there any thing else you would like to add?

JIM KENNEDY: Most of the horrors of war, they don't bother me. I don't wake up screaming or any thing at night. But I look back and I remember how, other than our own casualties and our own fighting, there was a total collapse of the economy in these countries that we were in. Like Italy, in 1944-- you know how we have government and we have people taking care of it--there was nothing. The people were just out on their own. There was no control over anything, no industry, there was nothing. They were just there. They had no jobs. It was sad. You say to yourself, "Why are these people doing this? What do they hope to achieve by starting these stupid wars?" Those feelings have never left me. And they shouldn't. Everybody should be aware of it, even the little words. I was stationed on Tinian. I will say this: I was in 504th group and the 509th dropped the bomb. They were right next to us. They dropped the bomb on Hiroshima. And we were right there because we were neighbors--we would play ball together and everything. We didn't hear about it for a couple of days. Everybody in the States heard about it. Of course there wasn't the rapid news coverage that we have now. If something happened, it would take two or three days to travel around the world. Now we get instant news. On TV we see pictures of things that happened today. People say, "Oh that was a terrible thing to do," but at least it ended the war. You know, we've never had any major wars since. Good Lord, God almighty help us if we did! With the weapons that we have, it would be the end of the world. So it has been a deterrent, I guess.

RUTH: So you were in favor of the atomic bomb?

JIM KENNEDY: Oh, yes, definitely. Sure it was a horrible thing to do; there were a lot of noncombatants that died in the war-- there were children. No, nobody can say it was wrong. You've got to have some compassion for the people, but it saved many more lives than it cost. If we would have had to invade Japan, there would have been no other way to conquer that country. Everybody knows that. The casualty would have been much, much greater. It would make the casualties at Hiroshima and Nagasaki seem like nothing.